Subject | Model | Grade 3 | Grade 5 | Grade 7 |
|---|
Reading | (1) | −0.13*** | − 0.23*** | −0.22*** |
(0.04) | (0.03) | (0.04) |
(2) | −0.13*** | −0.21*** | − 0.20*** |
(0.04) | (0.03) | (0.03) |
(3) | 0.07** | −0.03 | −0.06* |
(0.04) | (0.03) | (0.03) |
Numeracy | (1) | 0.00 | 0.15*** | 0.15*** |
(0.04) | (0.04) | (0.04) |
(2) | 0.01 | 0.16*** | 0.17*** |
(0.04) | (0.03) | (0.03) |
(3) | 0.22*** | 0.38*** | 0.39*** |
(0.04) | (0.03) | (0.03) |
- Notes: Females are the base group. Each estimate is obtained from a separate regression. Model 1 includes gender dummy only. Model 2 includes student characteristics (gender, age, Aboriginal status, and birth weight), household characteristics (mother’s characteristics (age, migration background, completed qualification, and working hours), having computer at home, home environment index, out-of-home activity index, household size, number of siblings, living with both biological parents, living in an owned home, household income, and school sector), test states, test years, urban, local socio-economic background variables, and survey quarters. Model 3 includes all variables as in model 2 plus pre-school PPVT and WAI
- Significance at the *10% level, **5% level, and ***1% level
