The evolution of the gender test score gap through seventh grade: new insights from Australia using unconditional quantile regression and decomposition

Le, Huong Thu; Nguyen, Ha Trong

doi:10.1186/s40172-018-0062-y

Table 11 Full regression results at selected percentiles and at mean—grade 7

From: The evolution of the gender test score gap through seventh grade: new insights from Australia using unconditional quantile regression and decomposition

	Reading				Numeracy
	P10th	P50th	P90th	Mean	P10th	P50th	P90th	Mean
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(17)	(18)	(19)	(20)
Male	−0.09	− 0.11**	0.07	− 0.06*	0.25***	0.34***	0.69***	0.39***
Child test age	−0.03***	0.00	−0.01	−0.01*	− 0.01	−0.02**	− 0.03**	−0.02***
Aboriginal	−0.54*	−0.33**	− 0.25***	−0.35***	− 0.59**	−0.37***	− 0.12	−0.38***
Low birth weight	0.13	−0.14	−0.20*	− 0.02	−0.03	− 0.11	−0.21	− 0.14**
Breastfeed	0.03	0.12**	0.01	0.09**	0.11*	0.10**	0.04	0.08**
Mother age	0.02***	0.01**	0.02**	0.02***	0.00	0.01	0.01*	0.01**
Mother NESB^a	−0.08	0.15**	0.15	0.08	−0.05	0.15**	0.29**	0.14***
Mother ESB^a	0.09	0.07	0.13	0.06	0.04	0.06	−0.15	0.01
Mother has a certificate^b	0.09	0.06	−0.03	0.02	0.02	−0.09	−0.17*	− 0.05
Mother has an advanced diploma^b	0.03	0.14	0.22*	0.11*	0.01	−0.06	−0.08	− 0.01
Mother has bachelor degree^b	0.18*	0.32***	0.39***	0.26***	0.19***	0.18**	0.20	0.23***
Mother has graduate diploma^b	0.23**	0.40***	0.21	0.24***	0.15*	0.18*	0.17	0.17***
Mother has postgraduate degree^b	0.05	0.30***	0.57***	0.26***	0.07	0.22**	0.49**	0.27***
Mother’s weekly working hours	0.00*	−0.00	−0.00	0.00	0.00**	− 0.00	0.00	0.00
Home environment index	−0.15***	− 0.14***	− 0.07	−0.12***	− 0.07	−0.19***	− 0.15**	−0.13***
Out-of-home activity index	0.04	0.08***	0.03	0.05***	0.06**	0.06***	0.04	0.05***
Having a computer at home	0.38	0.13	0.04	0.15	0.22	0.29**	0.12	0.22***
Catholic school^c	0.05	−0.13**	−0.20**	−0.10**	− 0.10*	− 0.11**	−0.20**	− 0.13***
Other independent school^c	0.05	−0.04	−0.09	0.00	0.02	0.07	0.39***	0.11**
Household size	−0.09	0.08	0.08	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.06	0.02
Number of siblings	0.00	−0.17***	− 0.23***	−0.12***	− 0.05	−0.03	− 0.13	−0.04
Number of younger siblings	0.13***	0.12***	0.21***	0.13***	0.03	0.07*	0.13**	0.07***
Number of same age siblings	0.29**	0.02	0.05	0.06	0.30**	0.08	0.46*	0.22**
Living with both parents	0.10	−0.07	0.04	0.01	0.25***	−0.01	0.02	0.05
Living in an owned home	0.12	0.06	0.08	0.07	0.08	0.12**	0.19**	0.13***
Household income (log)	0.05	0.11***	0.09*	0.09***	0.04	0.09**	−0.10	0.06**
Initial PPVT	0.26***	0.30***	0.24***	0.26***	0.13***	0.11***	0.12***	0.14***
Initial WAI	0.23***	0.20***	0.19***	0.19***	0.28***	0.35***	0.49***	0.35***
Observations	2801	2801	2801	2801	2801	2801	2801	2801
R ²	0.13	0.21	0.12	0.31	0.14	0.22	0.13	0.32

Notes: Estimates at selected percentiles are based on unconditional quantile regressions. Standard errors (not reported for brevity) are obtained using 500 bootstrap replications. Each estimate is obtained from a separate regression using model 3. Estimates for other variables (test states, test years, urban, local socio-economic background variables, and survey quarters) are not reported for brevity
Significance at the *10% level, **5% level, and ***1% level
^aNative as the base group
^bNo qualification as the base group
^cPublic school as the base group

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