From: Training and minimum wages: first evidence from the introduction of the minimum wage in Germany
Treatment group (t–i) | Control group (t–i) | Difference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | sd | Mean | sd | ||
Training incidence (dummies): | |||||
Training | 0.591 | 0.492 | 0.703 | 0.457 | −0.112*** |
Measures for training intensity (shares): | |||||
Training | 0.254 | 0.330 | 0.336 | 0.348 | −0.082*** |
External courses | 0.212 | 0.314 | 0.298 | 0.342 | −0.086*** |
Internal courses | 0.177 | 0.309 | 0.240 | 0.340 | −0.063*** |
On-the-job training | 0.178 | 0.306 | 0.233 | 0.335 | −0.055*** |
Worker-financed training | 0.052 | 0.179 | 0.069 | 0.205 | −0.018*** |
Firm-financed training | 0.179 | 0.298 | 0.243 | 0.321 | −0.064*** |
Training of low qualified | 0.040 | 0.135 | 0.026 | 0.099 | 0.014*** |
Training of medium qualified | 0.190 | 0.274 | 0.251 | 0.298 | −0.061*** |
Training of high qualified | 0.021 | 0.087 | 0.056 | 0.149 | −0.035*** |
Covariates: | |||||
Share of medium qualified | 0.542 | 0.306 | 0.585 | 0.280 | −0.043*** |
Share of hight qualified | 0.041 | 0.113 | 0.101 | 0.197 | −0.060*** |
Hiring rate | 0.084 | 0.146 | 0.057 | 0.120 | 0.027*** |
Skilled hiring rate | 0.041 | 0.091 | 0.039 | 0.093 | 0.002 |
Collective bargaining | 0.227 | 0.419 | 0.446 | 0.497 | −0.219*** |
Works council | 0.139 | 0.346 | 0.295 | 0.456 | −0.156*** |
Lagged employment (in logs) | 3.005 | 1.520 | 3.045 | 1.757 | −0.040 |
Part-time fraction | 0.377 | 0.298 | 0.264 | 0.268 | 0.113*** |
Technical level of capital | 2.600 | 0.807 | 2.809 | 0.768 | −0.208*** |
High competitive pressure | 0.140 | 0.347 | 0.112 | 0.315 | 0.029*** |