Fig. 1
From: Field-of-study mismatch and overqualification: labour market correlates and their wage penalty
Notes: Estimates from path analysis (i.e. simultaneous equations). Coefficients shown are unstandardized estimates and can be interpreted as the association between a one-unit change in the independent variable on the corresponding change in the dependent variable, as signalled by the direction of the arrow. Statistically significant estimates (at the p < 0.05 level) are shown in a continuous line. Firm and individual-level controls (variables C1–C6) include age, age-squared, experience, experience-squared, tenure and dummy variables for temporary contract, public sector or NGO, firm size and field-of-study (major). Numeracy scores are rescaled so that one unit equals 100 points. Source: Own calculations from the Survey of Adult Skills (PIAAC) (2012)