Table 2 Effects of HOPE on choosing a STEM major

A. Total

0.0231

−0.0048

−0.0201

0.0086

−0.0058

−0.0253

−0.0384

−0.0216

(0.0080)*

(0.0059)

(0.0042)**

(0.0013)***

(0.0065)

(0.0033)***

(0.0041)***

(0.0029)***

{12.6%}

{−2.6%}

{−10.9%}

{4.7%}

{−2.9%}

{−12.6%}

{−19.1%}

{−10.8%}

B. Females

0.0284

0.0074

−0.0046

0.0121

0.0041

−0.0121

−0.0240

−0.0128

(0.0043)***

(0.0051)

(0.0038)

(0.0033)**

(0.0050)

(0.0048)*

(0.0049)**

(0.0023)**

{21.8%}

{5.7%}

{−3.5%}

{9.3%}

{3.3%}

{−9.8%}

{−19.3%}

{−10.3%}

C. Males

0.0181

−0.0182

−0.0343

0.0065

−0.0180

−0.0416

−0.0538

−0.0321

(0.0162)

(0.0086)

(0.0075)**

(0.0024)*

(0.0096)

(0.0025)***

(0.0029)***

(0.0039)***

{7.2%}

{−7.3%}

{−13.7%}

{2.6%}

{−6.1%}

{−14.1%}

{−18.2%}

{−10.8%}

Sex, race/ethnicity dummies

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

High school dummies

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

SAT dummies

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

High school GPA dummies

No

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

Yes

Yes

USG institution dummies

No

No

No

Yes

No

No

No

Yes