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Table 4 Linear and linear fixed effects models

From: The price of fringe benefits when formal and informal labor markets coexist

 

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

Formal

 

-0.28994***

-0.09718***

-0.09673***

-0.07910***

  

(0.00164)

(0.00366)

(0.00366)

(0.00383)

2–5 Coworkers

    

0.07625***

     

(0.00446)

6–10 Coworkers

    

0.05417***

     

(0.00549)

11–15 Coworkers

    

0.03285***

     

(0.00607)

16–50 Coworkers

    

0.00393

     

(0.00558)

>50 Coworkers

    

-0.00550

     

(0.00582)

Age

0.12675*

0.11209*

-0.18281

-0.18171

-0.20678

 

(0.06850)

(0.06779)

(0.29515)

(0.29501)

(0.30130)

Partner’s Age

-0.00322***

-0.00255***

-0.00548***

0.00273

0.00208

 

(0.00017)

(0.00017)

(0.00204)

(0.00261)

(0.00259)

Male

0.28171***

0.28652***

-0.39365*

-0.41047**

-0.39794**

 

(0.00550)

(0.00547)

(0.20355)

(0.18245)

(0.19731)

Schooling Years

-0.00803***

0.00060***

-0.06310*

-0.06293*

-0.06616*

 

(0.00017)

(0.00018)

(0.03583)

(0.03439)

(0.03481)

Free Union

0.08092***

0.05709***

0.04139

 

0.02703

 

(0.01523)

(0.01512)

(0.19179)

 

(0.20179)

Married

0.01397

0.01775

-0.06259

-0.08864

-0.05447

 

(0.01512)

(0.01502)

(0.11456)

(0.15395)

(0.12491)

Seperated

0.09260***

0.08177***

 

-0.02309

 
 

(0.02265)

(0.02241)

 

(0.19548)

 

Divorced

0.02274

0.04410

   
 

(0.02934)

(0.02911)

   

Widowed

0.08890**

0.08103*

   
 

(0.04242)

(0.04220)

   

Constant

8.05017***

8.29659***

12.78781***

12.24017***

12.46080***

 

(0.72694)

(0.71933)

(3.12531)

(3.12017)

(3.18795)

Individual Fixed Effects

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Time Fixed Effects

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Observations

1,278,591

1,278,591

419,188

419,188

415,560

  1. Note 1: robust standard errors in parentheses (clustered at individual level): *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.10.
  2. Note 2: this table shows the results of various specifications adding demographic controls and fixed effects. Our preferred estimates, in column 5, include individual and time fixed effects and controls for the firm size. Column 3 and column 4 show the results with and without time fixed effects. The data comes from the National Survey of Occupation and Employment (NSOE).