1: No controls | 2: Controls for pre-college attributes | 3: Controls for pre-labor market entry attributes | Marginal effects | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1.1) | (1.2) | (1.3) | (2.1) | (2.2) | (2.3) | (3.1) | (3.2) | (3.3) | (4.1) | (4.2) | (4.3) | |
Nonprofit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | Nonprofit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | Nonprofit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | Non- profit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | |
Balanced skill sets | ||||||||||||
Occupations | 0.062*** (2.36) | 0.191*** (11.22) | −0.047*** (2.72) | 0.046* (1.64) | 0.157*** (8.79) | −0.074*** (4.07) | 0.039 (1.36) | 0.150*** (8.25) | −0.074*** (4.00) | 0.002 | 0.027 | −0.029 |
Industries | 0.105*** (3.37) | 0.104*** (5.45) | −0.052*** (2.53) | 0.084*** (2.54) | 0.093*** (4.63) | −0.014 (0.64) | 0.076** (2.26) | 0.089*** (4.35) | −0.006 (0.26) | 0.003 | 0.016 | −0.019 |
Course_specialization | 0.001 (0.22) | −0.004 (1.34) | 0.004 (1.39) | 0.006 (1.10) | −0.002 (0.51) | 0.003 (0.99) | 0.003 (0.46) | −0.003 (0.96) | 0.004 (1.20) | 0.000 | −0.001 | 0.001 |
Controls | ||||||||||||
Age | 0.119*** (2.65) | 0.062*** (3.04) | −0.005 (0.27) | 0.112*** (2.46) | 0.052*** (2.38) | −0.015 (0.69) | 0.005 | 0.012 | −0.017 | |||
Age2 | −0.001** (2.18) | −0.001* (1.86) | −0.000 (0.05) | −0.001** (1.98) | −0.000 (1.29) | 0.000 (0.43) | −0.000 | −0.000 | 0.000 | |||
Male | 0.114 (1.41) | 0.169*** (3.67) | 0.485*** (10.36) | 0.084 (0.96) | 0.133*** (2.65) | 0.433*** (8.54) | 0.001 | 0.009 | −0.010 | |||
White | −0.065 (0.37) | −0.249*** (2.60) | 0.056 (0.54) | −0.055 (0.31) | −0.219** (2.26) | 0.061 (0.58) | −0.001 | −0.037 | 0.038 | |||
Father education | −0.034 (1.35) | 0.031** (2.06) | −0.059*** (3.74) | −0.036 (1.41) | 0.028* (1.87) | −0.060*** (3.77) | −0.002 | 0.007 | −0.005 | |||
Mother education | 0.017 (0.58) | −0.014 (0.81) | 0.028 (1.58) | 0.013 (0.44) | −0.015 (0.90) | 0.027 (1.53) | 0.001 | −0.004 | 0.004 | |||
Either of parents started business | 0.158** (2.05) | 0.190*** (4.27) | −0.150*** (3.27) | 0.125 (1.55) | 0.155*** (3.38) | −0.127*** (2.71) | 0.006 | 0.030 | −0.036 | |||
1: No controls | 2: Controls for pre-college attributes | 3: Controls for pre-labor market entry attributes | Marginal effects | |||||||||
Non-profit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | Non-profit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | Nonprofit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | Non- profit startup | For-profit startup | Wage work | |
High school rank | 0.001 (0.93) | −0.003*** (4.30) | 0.000 (0.51) | 0.002 (1.20) | −0.003*** (3.85) | 0.000 (0.06) | 0.000 | −0.000 | 0.000 | |||
Married at graduation | 0.208* (1.81) | 0.124* (1.74) | −0.078 (1.09) | 0.011 | 0.024 | −0.035 | ||||||
Close friends started business | −0.187** (2.26) | −0.322*** (6.85) | 0.115*** (2.43) | −0.008 | −0.059 | 0.066 | ||||||
Cumulative GPA | 0.011 (0.15) | 0.034 (0.84) | −0.046 (1.08) | 0.000 | 0.004 | −0.004 | ||||||
College | ||||||||||||
Agriculture | 0.223 (1.50) | 0.015 (0.18) | 0.013 (0.17) | 0.012 | −0.008 | −0.004 | ||||||
Business | 0.171 (1.12) | 0.152* (1.82) | 0.022 (0.27) | 0.007 | 0.016 | −0.023 | ||||||
Design | 0.095 (0.59) | 0.044 (0.49) | 0.143* (1.68) | 0.005 | 0.004 | −0.009 | ||||||
Engineering | 0.490*** (2.83) | 0.321*** (3.09) | 0.015 (0.15) | 0.033 | 0.054 | −0.086 | ||||||
Human sciences | 0.116 (0.76) | 0.092 (1.13) | 0.217*** (2.69) | 0.005 | 0.004 | −0.009 | ||||||
Constant | −2.27*** (22.0) | −1.47*** (24.2) | 1.23*** (19.83) | −5.01*** (5.71) | −2.91*** (7.11) | 1.37*** (3.46) | −4.96*** (5.25) | −2.72*** (5.88) | 1.55*** (3.41) | |||
ρnf | 0.294*** (6.81) | 0.28*** (6.35) | 0.28*** (6.09) | |||||||||
ρnW | −0.39*** (16.1) | −0.43*** (16.7) | −0.43*** (16.7) | |||||||||
ρfW | −0.11*** (2.38) | −0.095* (1.90) | −0.16*** (3.24) |