Absenteeism, unemployment and employment protection legislation: evidence from Italy

Table 6 Robustness check V: controlling for health indicators

	(1)	(2)	(3)
Panel A
Unemployment rate	-0.038***	-0.034***	-0.034***
	(0.005)	(0.006)	(0.006)
Small firm (≤15)	-0.615***	-0.506***	-0.555***
	(0.030)	(0.049)	(0.054)
Small firm* Unemployment rate		-0.012***	-0.015***
		(0.004)	(0.005)
Life expectancy (at 45)	-0.129***	-0.128***	-0.124***
	(0.035)	(0.035)	(0.037)
Lag ln(Wage)			-0.922***
			(0.087)
Constant	7.011***	6.947***	10.304***
	(1.117)	(1.121)	(1.198)
Observations	574,074	574,074	483,531
Panel B
Unemployment rate	-0.030***	-0.026***	-0.028***
	(0.007)	(0.007)	(0.007)
Small firm (≤15)	-0.618***	-0.506***	-0.554***
	(0.030)	(0.048)	(0.054)
Small firm* Unemployment rate		-0.012***	-0.015***
		(0.004)	(0.004)
Mortality rate	0.004**	0.004**	0.003
	(0.002)	(0.002)	(0.002)
Lag ln(Wage)			-0.917***
			(0.088)
Constant	2.404***	2.357***	5.953***
	(0.428)	(0.427)	(0.663)
Observations	573,671	573,671	483,159

Notes: WHIP dataset. OLS estimates are reported. Further controls are the same used in Table 2. Life expectancy and mortality are collected from Health for All (ISTAT 2012). Standard errors are allowed for within provincial correlation. The symbols ***, **, * indicate that coefficients are statistically significant, respectively, at the 1, 5, and 10 percent level.