Absenteeism, unemployment and employment protection legislation: evidence from Italy

Table 1 Summary statistics

	All		Small firms		Large firms
Variable	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.	Mean	Std. Dev.
Rate of absenteeism	2.25	6.85	1.82	6.39	2.44	7.03
Absent (dummy 0/1)	0.21	0.41	0.16	0.37	0.23	0.42
Small Firm (≤15)	0.31	0.46
Unemployment rate	8.99	6.73	9.55	7.02	8.75	6.59
Proxy unemployment	38.5	10.3	39.5	10.5	38.1	10.2
Female	0.25	0.43	0.26	0.44	0.25	0.43
Age	35.9	10.5	34.7	10.30	36.5	10.5
Blue-Collar	0.89	0.31	0.88	0.32	0.89	0.31
Tenure	4.07	4.40	3.45	4.07	4.35	4.51
Actual experience	7.55	4.86	6.71	4.67	7.93	4.90
ln(Wage)	4.05	0.33	3.99	0.29	4.07	0.34
Mining and quarrying	0.004	0.06	0.004	0.07	0.003	0.06
Manufacturing	0.51	0.50	0.43	0.50	0.55	0.50
Construction	0.08	0.27	0.15	0.36	0.05	0.22
Commerce	0.18	0.38	0.23	0.42	0.16	0.36
Hotels and restaurants	0.06	0.24	0.10	0.30	0.05	0.21
Transport and communications	0.08	0.27	0.05	0.21	0.09	0.29
Financial intermediation	0.07	0.25	0.02	0.14	0.09	0.28
Business services	0.01	0.09	0.01	0.07	0.01	0.09
Other social/personal service act.	0.011	0.11	0.01	0.12	0.01	0.10
North-West	0.34	0.47	0.30	0.46	0.36	0.48
North-East	0.27	0.45	0.26	0.44	0.28	0.45
Centre	0.18	0.38	0.19	0.40	0.17	0.38
South	0.15	0.36	0.17	0.38	0.14	0.34
Islands	0.06	0.24	0.07	0.26	0.05	0.23
N	574,074		176,008		398,066