From: The plant life-cycle of the average wage of employees in U.S. manufacturing
 | Revenue measure: Total value of shipments (deflated) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Adjustment costs | Adjustment cost | ||||||
 | (conventional growth rate) | (alternative growth rate) | ||||||
 | Wage | Wage and employment | Wage | Wage and employment | ||||
 | adjustment | adjustment | adjustment | adjustment | ||||
 | Continuing | All | Continuing | All | Continuing | All | Continuing | All |
 | plants | plants | plants | plants | plants | plants | plants | plants |
Parameter | (I) | (II) | (III) | (IV) | (I) | (II) | (III) | (IV) |
α | 0.12*** | 0.11*** | 0.12*** | 0.09*** | 0.12*** | 0.13*** | 0.12*** | 0.14*** |
 | [0.0005] | [0.0006] | [0.002] | [0.0006] | [0.0004] | [0.0004] | [0.0005] | [0.001] |
γ | 0.19*** | 0.18*** | 0.25*** | 0.24*** | 0.27*** | 0.42*** | 0.18*** | 0.13*** |
 | [0.0004] | [0.0005] | [0.002] | [0.0007] | [0.0009] | [0.002] | [0.002] | [0.002] |
λ U | 2.89*** | 2.62*** | 10.73*** | -0.98*** | 5.94*** | 14.18*** | 1.25*** | 2.77*** |
 | [0.05] | [0.04] | [0.41] | [0.01] | [0.11] | [0.15] | [0.03] | [0.08] |
λ D | 35.61*** | 63.10*** | 20.81*** | 56.48*** | 9.55*** | 6.30*** | 10.10*** | 10.46*** |
 | [0.25] | [0.42] | [0.74] | [0.33] | [0.07] | [0.06] | [0.12] | [0.33] |
v U | - | - | 8.62*** | 0.56*** | - | - | 1.97*** | 13.43*** |
 |  |  | [0.52] | [0.03] |  |  | [0.42] | [0.72] |
v D | - | - | 23.17*** | 42.91*** | - | - | 8.90*** | 88.21*** |
 |  |  | [4.82] | [1.03] |  |  | [0.12] | [1.94] |
 | Revenue measure: Value added (deflated) | |||||||
α | 0.36*** | 0.39*** | 0.25*** | 0.33*** | 0.32*** | 0.37*** | 0.27** | 0.39*** |
 | [0.0005] | [0.0008] | [0.003] | [0.0007] | [0.0002] | [0.001] | [0.001] | [0.003] |
γ | 0.47*** | 0.44*** | 0.37*** | 0.39*** | 0.35*** | 0.27*** | 0.22*** | 0.42*** |
 | [0.002] | [0.001] | [0.004] | [0.002] | [0.0002] | [0.001] | [0.002] | [0.002] |
λ U | 1.39*** | 1.00*** | 3.73*** | 1.38*** | 3.44*** | 3.25*** | 1.04*** | -0.54*** |
 | [0.04] | [0.02] | [0.24] | [0.04] | [0.08] | [0.06] | [0.03] | [0.05] |
λ D | 15.63*** | 13.95*** | 29.32*** | 19.25*** | 10.31*** | 8.34*** | 6.82*** | 1.37*** |
 | [0.17] | [0.20] | [0.47] | [0.21] | [0.06] | [0.06] | [0.08] | [0.22] |
v U | - | - | 3.46*** | 1.13*** | - | - | 2.03*** | 17.74*** |
 |  |  | [0.28] | [0.04] |  |  | [0.32] | [0.79] |
v D | - | - | 41.42*** | 47.60*** | - | - | 6.69*** | 58.32*** |
 |  |  | [2.70] | [0.72] |  |  | [0.09] | [2.20] |
N | 804,245 | 986,977 | 804,245 | 986,977 | 804,245 | 986,977 | 804,245 | 986,977 |