Hiring discrimination based on national origin and religious closeness: results from a field experiment in the Paris area

Table 3 Main detectable effects

Comparison by pairs on the same job offers	Potential effect
French secular/North African secular	Usual result of a field experiment
French Catholic/North African Catholic	Origin for Catholics
French Muslim/North African Muslim	Origin for Muslims
French secular/French Catholic	Signaling of closeness to Catholic religion for a French origin applicant
French secular/French Muslim	Signaling of closeness to Muslim religion for a French origin applicant
North African secular/North African Catholic	Signaling of closeness to Catholic religion for a North African origin applicant
North African secular/ North African Muslim	Signaling of closeness to Muslim religion for a North African origin applicant
French Catholic/French Muslim	Religious closeness for a French origin applicant
North African Catholic/ North African Muslim	Religious closeness for a North African origin applicant